Which kind of process responds to a change in the controller output by moving a specific amount and setting at a new steady state?

Which kind of process responds to a change in the controller output by moving a specific amount and setting at a new steady state?

• A. Integrating
• B. Non-integrating
• C. Delayed
• D. Oscillating

Answer: (B)

When a controller output changes, a non-integrating process responds by moving the process variable by a finite amount and then settling at a new steady value. This happens because such a process has a finite static gain and dynamics that allow it to reach equilibrium after the transient. The change in the PV is proportional to the controller change and the plant gain, and once the transient dies out, the PV holds at its new level. In contrast, an integrating process would not settle to a new steady state with a constant controller input—the PV would keep drifting (ramping) as long as the input remains changed. A delayed response would eventually reach a new steady state but after a time lag, not necessarily with a fixed immediate shift. An oscillating process would continue to vary over time rather than settle cleanly at a single new value.

When a controller output changes, a non-integrating process responds by moving the process variable by a finite amount and then settling at a new steady value. This happens because such a process has a finite static gain and dynamics that allow it to reach equilibrium after the transient. The change in the PV is proportional to the controller change and the plant gain, and once the transient dies out, the PV holds at its new level.

In contrast, an integrating process would not settle to a new steady state with a constant controller input—the PV would keep drifting (ramping) as long as the input remains changed. A delayed response would eventually reach a new steady state but after a time lag, not necessarily with a fixed immediate shift. An oscillating process would continue to vary over time rather than settle cleanly at a single new value.